Journal: Disease Markers

Article Title: Aldolase A Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression through Targeting COPS6 and Regulating MAPK Signaling Pathway

doi: 10.1155/2023/1702125

Figure Lengend Snippet: Graphical abstract. By binding to and targeting COPS6, aberrantly expressed ALDOA promoted the EMT process and activated the ERK1/2 and P38 signaling pathways, ultimately accelerating CRC cell proliferation and metastasis.

Article Snippet: The following antibodies were used: ALDOA (mouse monoclonal; cat. no. sc-390733; 1 : 1000 dilution; Santa Cruz, CA, USA), HRP-conjugated DYKDDDDK Tag (monoclonal; cat. no. HRP-66008; 1 : 5000 dilution; Proteintech Group), ALDOB (rabbit polyclonal; cat. no. 18065-1-AP; 1 : 1000 dilution; Proteintech Group), ALDOC (rabbit polyclonal; cat. no. 14884-1-AP; 1 : 1000 dilution; Proteintech Group), E-cadherin (rabbit monoclonal; cat. no. 3195; 1 : 1000 dilution; Cell Signaling Technology), N-cadherin (rabbit monoclonal; cat. no. 13116; 1 : 1000 dilution; Cell Signaling Technology), vimentin (rabbit monoclonal; cat. no. 5741; 1 : 1000 dilution; Cell Signaling Technology), p38 (rabbit monoclonal; cat. no. 8690; 1 : 1000 dilution; Cell Signaling Technology), p-p38 (rabbit monoclonal; cat. no. 8632; 1 : 1000 dilution; Cell Signaling Technology), ERK1/2 (rabbit monoclonal; cat. no. 4695; 1 : 1000 dilution; Cell Signaling Technology), p-ERK1/2 (rabbit monoclonal; cat. no. 4376; 1 : 1000 dilution; Cell Signaling Technology), ACTB (rabbit monoclonal; cat. no. AC038; 1 : 10000 dilution; ABclonal Technology, Wuhan, China), GAPDH (rabbit monoclonal; cat. no. 60004-1-Ig; 1 : 10000 dilution; Proteintech Group), lamin B1 (rabbit polyclonal; cat. no. 12987-1-AP; 1 : 2000 dilution; Proteintech Group), PKM (rabbit polyclonal; cat. no. 10078-2-AP; 1 : 1000 dilution; Proteintech Group), HSP90AB (rabbit polyclonal; cat. no. RK05737; 1 : 1000 dilution; ABclonal Technology), CSN6 (mouse monoclonal; cat. no. sc-393023; 1 : 1000 dilution; Santa Cruz, CA, USA), caspase-3 (rabbit monoclonal; cat. no. 9662; 1 : 1000 dilution; Cell Signaling Technology), and cleaved caspase-3 (rabbit monoclonal; cat. no. 9661; 1 : 1000 dilution; Cell Signaling Technology).

Techniques: Binding Assay, Protein-Protein interactions

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: p38β, A Novel Regulatory Target of Pokemon in Hepatic Cells

doi: 10.3390/ijms140713511

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) Inhibition of SB202190 on cell viability: MTT assays in HepG2, BEL7404 and HL7702 cells treated with SB202190 for 48 h at different concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 25 and 50 μM); ( b ) Western blot: Displaying that SB202190 dose-dependently inhibits the phosphorylation of p38 downstream proteins. HepG2 cells were treated with SB202190 for 24 h at different concentrations (0, 10, 25 and 50 μM); ( c – g ) HepG2 cells were treated with 25 μM SB202190 at 24 h after transfecting with pcDNA3.1(−)-Pokemon or pcDNA3.1(−): ( c ) HepG2 Cell growth rate; ( d ) Effect of Pokemon and p38 inhibitor SB202190 on colony formation in HepG2 cells, the colony formation rate stands for the proportion of final clone number accounted for in plated cell number; ( e ) In vitro migration assays; ( f ) In vitro invasion assays. Bar chart below the photo stands for the relative fold of the migrated or invaded cell number compared to the negative control group; ( g ) Pokemon activates p38 signaling pathway in hepatic cells: Left panel is Western blot bands. Western blot in HepG2 cells after Pokemon was overexpressed for 60 h, and the cells were treated by SB202190 at the concentration of 25 μM; right panel is quantification of western blot data. * p < 0.05 compared to the negative control group.

Article Snippet: Antibodies used are as follows: Pokemon antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), p38α MAPK (7D6) Rabbit mAb (CST, Danvers, MA, USA), p38β MAPK (c28c2) Rabbit mAb (CST), Phospho-p38 MAPK Pathway Sampler Kit (CST) and Actin antibody (Beyotime, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Inhibition, Western Blot, Phospho-proteomics, In Vitro, Migration, Negative Control, Concentration Assay

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: p38β, A Novel Regulatory Target of Pokemon in Hepatic Cells

doi: 10.3390/ijms140713511

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pokemon up-regulates p38β expression in hepatic cells. Pokemon was delivered by expression plasmid pcDNA3.1(−)-Pokemon with pcDNA3.1(−) as a negative control. Pokemon silencing was triggered by si-RNA. ( a ) Targeted expression or silencing of Pokemon in HepG2 cells. Cells were collected at 60 h after transfection or silencing (Left panel). And the quantification of western blot data was displayed on the Right panel; ( b ) Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) at 48 h after transfection in HepG2 cells. Upper panel: Ectopic expression of Pokemon; lower panel: Silencing of Pokemon; ( c ) Ectopic expression of Pokemon in HL7702 cells. Upper panel: Western blot in which cells were lysed and total proteins were collected at 36, 48, 60 and 72 h, respectively. Lower panel: Real-time qPCR at 48 and 60 h after transfection; ( d ) Silencing of Pokemon in BEL7404 cells. Upper panel: Western blot; lower panel: Real-time qPCR. * p < 0.05 compared to the negative control. N.C. means negative control.

Article Snippet: Antibodies used are as follows: Pokemon antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), p38α MAPK (7D6) Rabbit mAb (CST, Danvers, MA, USA), p38β MAPK (c28c2) Rabbit mAb (CST), Phospho-p38 MAPK Pathway Sampler Kit (CST) and Actin antibody (Beyotime, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Plasmid Preparation, Negative Control, Transfection, Western Blot, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: p38β, A Novel Regulatory Target of Pokemon in Hepatic Cells

doi: 10.3390/ijms140713511

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pokemon stimulates p38β promoter activity. ( a ) ChIP assays in HepG2 and BEL7404 cells. Protein-DNA complexes are immunoprecipitated either with anti-Pokemon antibody or anti-IgG as negative control, followed by PCR with primers specific to p38β promoter sequence and agarose-gel electrophoresis for visualization. Total lysates were used as the input samples and positive control; ( b ) Dual luciferase reporter assay. Luciferase activities were normalized to Renilla activity. Y axis stands for the relative fold changes of activity as the pcDNA3.1(−)-Pokemon plasmid increases. * p < 0.05 compared to the negative control.

Article Snippet: Antibodies used are as follows: Pokemon antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), p38α MAPK (7D6) Rabbit mAb (CST, Danvers, MA, USA), p38β MAPK (c28c2) Rabbit mAb (CST), Phospho-p38 MAPK Pathway Sampler Kit (CST) and Actin antibody (Beyotime, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Immunoprecipitation, Negative Control, Sequencing, Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, Positive Control, Luciferase, Reporter Assay, Plasmid Preparation

Journal: Cell

Article Title: Ribosome collisions trigger general stress responses to regulate cell fate

doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.006

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Immunoblots for phosphorylation of eIF2α and mTOR in MCF10A cells treated with ANS (0.1–100 mg/L, 0.5 h). Total eIF2α and β-actin as loading controls. (B) eIF2α phosphorylation induced by intermediate doses of ANS (0.5 mg/L, 0.5 h) in MCF10A cells pretreated with GCN2 inhibitor (A-92), PERK inhibitor (GSK 2606414), or p38 inhibitor (BIRB 796). (C) eIF2α phosphorylation induced by ANS in WT or ZAK KO MCF10A cells. (D) eIF2α phosphorylation in WT, ZAK KO, or ZAK KO MCF10A complemented with ZAKα, ZAKα -K45M, or ZAKβ under ANS treatment (0.5 mg/L, 0.5 h). (E) Polysome profiles from DSP-crosslinked WT and ZAK KO MCF10A cells. Fractions were analyzed by immunoblotting with indicated antibodies.

Article Snippet: Antibodies for phospho-p38 (Thr180/Tyr182, 9211), p38 (9212), phospho-JNK (Thr183/Tyr185, 4668), β-actin (51255), phospho-mTOR (Ser2448, 2971) and eIF2α (9722S) were from Cell Signaling Technology.

Techniques: Western Blot, Phospho-proteomics

Journal: Oncogene

Article Title: Transcriptional factor HBP1 targets P16(INK4A), upregulating its expression and consequently is involved in Ras-induced premature senescence.

doi: 10.1038/onc.2010.252

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 1 p16INK4A and HBP1 participate in Ras-induced premature senescence. (a) p16INK4A protein level is increased in Ras- transfected WI-38 cells. Levels of HBP1, p16INK4A, p-p38, p38 and FLAG-Ras were determined by western blot in Ras-transfected WI-38 cells with or without p16INK4A knockdown. Ras increases p-p38, HBP1 and p16INK4A protein levels in WI-38 cells. (b) p16INK4A is required for Ras-induced premature senescence. WI-38 cells (PD10) were transfected with pSR (as control), Ras or Ras with p16shRNA. Cells were then stained for SA-b-gal at day 14 after transfection. Significant SA-b-gal staining is apparent in the Ras- transfected cells, whereas few cells are stained in Ras-transfected with p16INK4A knockdown cells. (c) The percentage of cells positive for SA-b-gal in WI-38 cells transfected with pSR (as control), Ras or Ras with p16shRNA. Values are means±standard deviations for triplicates. At least 300 cells were counted for each sample. (d) HBP1 and p16INK4A proteins increase during replicative senescence. Levels of HBP1 and p16INK4A in young (PD10) and senescent (PD50) cells are shown. The level of p38 MAPK protein is used as a loading control. (e) HBP1 protein level is increased in Ras-transfected WI-38 cells. Levels of HBP1, p16INK4A, p38 and FLAG-Ras were determined by western blot in Ras-transfected WI-38 cells with or without HBP1 knockdown. Ras increases HBP1 and p16INK4A protein levels in WI-38 cells. p16INK4A protein level decreases in HBP1 knockdown cells. (f) The percentage of cells positive for SA-b-gal in WI-38 cells transfected with pSR (as control), Ras or Ras with HBP1shRNA. Values are means±standard deviations for triplicates. At least 300 cells were counted for each sample.

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies used were for HBP1 (N-20X; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA), p16INK4A (C-20; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), p38 (A-12; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), phospho-p38 (no. 9211; Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA, USA) and HA.11 antibody (Covance, San Diego, CA, USA).

Techniques: Transfection, Western Blot, Knockdown, Control, Staining

Journal: Oncogene

Article Title: Transcriptional factor HBP1 targets P16(INK4A), upregulating its expression and consequently is involved in Ras-induced premature senescence.

doi: 10.1038/onc.2010.252

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2 HBP1 regulates p16INK4A expression. (a) HBP1 increases p16INK4A mRNA level. p16INK4A mRNA level was measured by RT–PCR in WI-38 cells (PD15) transfected with pBabe-HBP1 or pBabe (as control). (b) p16INK4A knockdown by introduction of shRNA. Levels of p16INK4A and p38 MAPK were determined by western blot in WI-38 cells (PD15) transfected with HBP1 or control vector with or without introduction of p16shRNA. (c) p16INK4A knockdown prevents HBP1-induced SA-b-gal expression. The percentages of cells positive for SA-b-gal in WI-38 cells transfected with p16shRNA in the presence of constitutively HBP1 were measured. Values are means±standard deviations for triplicates. At least 300 cells were counted for each sample. (d) HBP1 knockdown decreases p16INK4A mRNA level. HBP1 and p16INK4A mRNA levels were measured by RT–PCR with WI-38 cells (PD40) transfected with pSuper.retro (as control) or pHBP1shRNA. (e) HBP1 knockdown decreases p16INK4A protein level. HBP1 and p16INK4A protein levels were measured by western blot in WI-38 cells (PD40) transfected with pSuper.retro or pHBP1shRNA. (f) HBP1 knockdown prevents HBP1-induced S-phase inhibition. WI-38 cells (PD40) transfected with pSuper.retro or pHBP1shRNA were labeled with BrdU, and BrdU-positive nuclei were stained at day 14 after transfection. The percentages of cell nuclei positive for BrdU are plotted in the graph. Values are means±standard deviations for three independent experiments. At least 300 cells were counted for each sample.

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies used were for HBP1 (N-20X; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA), p16INK4A (C-20; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), p38 (A-12; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), phospho-p38 (no. 9211; Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA, USA) and HA.11 antibody (Covance, San Diego, CA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Transfection, Control, Knockdown, shRNA, Western Blot, Plasmid Preparation, Inhibition, Labeling, Staining

Journal: Arthritis and rheumatism

Article Title: Involvement of p38 MAPK in the up-regulation of tissue factor on endothelial cells by antiphospholipid antibodies.

doi: 10.1002/art.21009

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4. Effects of IgG aPL on A, the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and B, the induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). HUVECs were grown to confluence and treated for A, 120 minutes (p38 MAPK experiments; IgG aPL samples 1–6 and IgG NHS samples 1 and 2) or B, 60 minutes (iNOS experiments; IgG aPL samples 1–4 and IgG NHS sample 1) with 100 g/ml of IgG aPL, 100 g/ml of IgG NHS, or 2 g/ml of LPS. Western blot analyses to determine the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and the expression of iNOS were performed as described in Materials and Methods. Actin was used as the housekeeping gene. Bands were quantified by densitometric analysis as described in Materials and Methods. See Figure 1 for other definitions.

Article Snippet: The membranes were blocked in 5% dry milk, incubated with a 1:2,000 dilution of mouse monoclonal anti-human phosphorylated p38 MAPK (Thr180/Tyr182) (antibody 28b10; Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA) or with rabbit polyclonal anti-human NOS2 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA) overnight at 4°C, followed by a 1-hour incubation in a 1:2,000 dilution of horseradish peroxidase– conjugated goat anti-mouse or goat anti-rabbit IgG.

Techniques: Phospho-proteomics, Western Blot, Expressing

Journal: Arthritis and rheumatism

Article Title: Involvement of p38 MAPK in the up-regulation of tissue factor on endothelial cells by antiphospholipid antibodies.

doi: 10.1002/art.21009

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. Proposed intracellular events in antiphospholipid antibody (aPL)–activated endothelial cells (ECs). The diagram shows some intracellular pathways mediated by aPL in ECs and the effects of specific inhibitors. ? uncertain; activation; – inhibition; P phosphorylation; broken arrows unconfirmed pathway; solid ar- rows confirmed pathway; IL-1 interleukin-1; p38 MAPK p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase; iNOS inducible nitric oxide synthase; NO nitric oxide; ICAM-1 intercellular adhesion mole- cule 1; VCAM-1 vascular cell adhesion molecule 1.

Article Snippet: The membranes were blocked in 5% dry milk, incubated with a 1:2,000 dilution of mouse monoclonal anti-human phosphorylated p38 MAPK (Thr180/Tyr182) (antibody 28b10; Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA) or with rabbit polyclonal anti-human NOS2 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA) overnight at 4°C, followed by a 1-hour incubation in a 1:2,000 dilution of horseradish peroxidase– conjugated goat anti-mouse or goat anti-rabbit IgG.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Inhibition, Phospho-proteomics

Journal: Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin

Article Title: CoCl 2 Decreases EC-SOD Expression through Histone Deacetylation in COS7 Cells.

doi: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00551

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 2. Involvement of p38-MAPK in CoCl2-Elicited Histone Deacety- lation in COS7 Cells

Article Snippet: After transferring electrophoretically onto polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes, the membranes were incubated with anti-acetyl-histone H3 (06-599, Millipore: 1 : 2000), anti-acetyl-histone H4 (06-598, Millipore: 1 : 2000), or anti-phospho-p38 MAPK (#9215, Cell Signaling: 1 : 1000) overnight.

Techniques:

Journal: Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin

Article Title: CoCl 2 Decreases EC-SOD Expression through Histone Deacetylation in COS7 Cells.

doi: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00551

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 4. Luteolin Suppresses CoCl2-Elicited Decreases in EC-SOD by Inhibiting ROS-p38-MAPK Signaling in COS7 Cells

Article Snippet: After transferring electrophoretically onto polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes, the membranes were incubated with anti-acetyl-histone H3 (06-599, Millipore: 1 : 2000), anti-acetyl-histone H4 (06-598, Millipore: 1 : 2000), or anti-phospho-p38 MAPK (#9215, Cell Signaling: 1 : 1000) overnight.

Techniques:

Journal: iScience

Article Title: Metabolic orchestration of NOD1 signaling by AMPK-mediated phosphorylation of ZDHHC5

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.115245

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cellular energy stress suppresses PGN-induced NOD1 signaling (A) Mouse BMDM cells were treated with or without glucose for 6 h, then stimulated with C12-iE-DAP (1 μg/mL) for 30 min, p65 and p38 phosphorylation were analyzed by immunoblotting. (B) Mouse BMDM cells were treated with 2-DG (25 mM) in glucose-free medium for 6 h, then stimulated with C12-iE-DAP (1 μg/mL) for 30 min, p65 and p38 phosphorylation were analyzed by immunoblotting. (C) Mouse BMDM cells were treated with metformin (2 mM) for 6 h, then stimulated with C12-iE-DAP (1 μg/mL) for 30 min, p65 and p38 phosphorylation were analyzed by immunoblotting. (D) Mouse iBMDM cells were treated with or without glucose and stimulated with C12-iE-DAP (5 μg/mL) for 7 h. The IL-6 release in the medium was measured with ELISA. For each experimental group, three supernatant samples were analyzed. ∗∗ p < 0.01, NS, p > 0.05. mean ± s.d., Student’s t test. (E) Mouse iBMDM cells were treated with 2-DG (25 mM) in glucose-free medium and stimulated with C12-iE-DAP (5 μg/mL) for 7 h. The IL-6 release in the medium was measured with ELISA. For each experimental group, three supernatant samples were analyzed. ∗∗ p < 0.01, NS, p > 0.05. mean ± s.d., Student’s t test. (F) Mouse iBMDM cells were pre-treated with DMSO or Compound C (5 μM) and treated with or without glucose for 6 h, then stimulated with C12-iE-DAP (1 μg/mL) for 30 min, p65 and p38 kinase phosphorylation were analyzed by immunoblotting. (G) Mouse iBMDM cells were pre-treated with DMSO or Compound C (5 μM) and then treated with or without glucose and stimulated with C12-iE-DAP (5 μg/mL) for 7 h. The IL-6 release in the medium was measured with ELISA. For each experimental group, three supernatant samples were analyzed. ∗∗ p < 0.01, NS, p > 0.05. mean ± s.d., Student’s t test. (H) Mouse iBMDM cells were treated with MK-8722 (2 μM) for 8 h, then stimulated with C12-iE-DAP (1 μg/mL) for 30 min, p65 and p38 phosphorylation were analyzed by immunoblotting. (I) HEK293T cells were treated with or without glucose for 6 h. Representative fluorescence images show the localization of GFP-NOD1 were presented. Scale bar = 10 μm for all images. (J) HEK-293T cells expressing FLAG-NOD1 were treated with or without glucose for 6h. Total, cytosolic, and membrane fractions were immunoblotted with the indicated antibodies. (K) HEK293T cells were pre-treated with DMSO or Compound C (5 μM) and then treated with glucose starvation for 6h. Representative fluorescence images show the localization of GFP-NOD1 were presented. Scale bar = 10 μm for all images. (L) HEK-293T cells expressing FLAG-NOD1 were pre-treated with DMSO or Compound C (5 μM) and treated with or without glucose for 6h. Total, cytosolic, and membrane fractions were immunoblotted with the indicated antibodies.

Article Snippet: Rabbit-Anti-Phospho-p38 MAPK (Thr180/Tyr182) , Cell Signaling Technology , Cat# 4511; RRID: AB_2139682.

Techniques: Phospho-proteomics, Western Blot, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Fluorescence, Expressing, Membrane

Journal: iScience

Article Title: Metabolic orchestration of NOD1 signaling by AMPK-mediated phosphorylation of ZDHHC5

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.115245

Figure Lengend Snippet: AMPK-mediated ZDHHC5 phosphorylation inhibits NOD1 activation (A) ZDHHC5-knockout HEK293T cells reconstituted with ZDHHC5 wild-type (WT) or 2A mutant were transfected to express FLAG-NOD1, then treated with metformin (5 mM) and labeled with alk-C16 for 6 h. NOD1 palmitoylation was detected by click chemistry reaction. (B) ZDHHC5-knockout HEK293T cells reconstituted with ZDHHC5 wild-type (WT) or 2A mutant were treated with metformin (5 mM) for 6 h. Representative fluorescence images show the localization of GFP-NOD1 were presented. Scale bar = 10 μm for all images. (C) ZDHHC5-knockout HEK293T cells reconstituted with ZDHHC5 wild-type (WT) or 2A mutant were treated with or without glucose for 6 h. Representative fluorescence images show the localization of GFP-NOD1 were presented. Scale bar = 10 μm for all images. (D) ZDHHC5-knockout HEK293T cells reconstituted with ZDHHC5 wild-type (WT) or 2A mutant were transfected to express FLAG-NOD1, and treated with metformin (5 mM) for 6 h. Total, cytosolic, and membrane fractions were immunoblotted with the indicated antibodies. (E) BMDMs were generated from Zdhhc5 −/− mice, and were reconstituted with ZDHHC5 wild-type (WT) or 2A mutant using lentiviral transduction. The reconstituted BMDM cells were treated with metformin (2 mM) for 6 h, followed by stimulation with C12-iE-DAP (1 μg/mL) for 30 min. p65 and p38 kinase phosphorylation were analyzed by immunoblotting. (F) ZDHHC5-knockdown iBMDMs were reconstituted with ZDHHC5 wild-type (WT) or 2A mutant using lentiviral transduction. The reconstituted iBMDM cells were treated with metformin (2 mM) for 6 h, followed by stimulation with C12-iE-DAP (1 μg/mL) for 30 min, p65 and p38 kinase phosphorylation were analyzed by immunoblotting. (G) ZDHHC5-knockdown iBMDMs were reconstituted with ZDHHC5 wild-type (WT) or 2A mutant using lentiviral transduction. The reconstituted iBMDMs cells were treated with or without glucose and stimulated with C12-iE-DAP (5 μg/mL) for 7 h. The IL-6 release in the medium was measured with ELISA. For each experimental group, three supernatant samples were analyzed. ∗∗ p < 0.01, NS, p > 0.05. mean ± s.d., Student’s t test.

Article Snippet: Rabbit-Anti-Phospho-p38 MAPK (Thr180/Tyr182) , Cell Signaling Technology , Cat# 4511; RRID: AB_2139682.

Techniques: Phospho-proteomics, Activation Assay, Knock-Out, Mutagenesis, Transfection, Labeling, Fluorescence, Membrane, Generated, Transduction, Western Blot, Knockdown, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Protective Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria Against TLR4 Induced Inflammatory Response in Hepatoma HepG2 Cells Through Modulation of Toll-Like Receptor Negative Regulators of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and NF-κB Signaling

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01537

Figure Lengend Snippet: Total cellular fluid (TCF) of lactic acid bacteria (LABs) downregulated expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in hepatoma HepG2 cells. Confluence HepG2 cells were pre-stimulated with LABs TCF (50 µl/ml) for 48 h, then stimulated with LPS for different time intervals (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min). Western blot was performed to determine the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK at the indicated time points. The bar graphs represent the results of three independent experiments. The image J software was used to determine the intensities of proteins bands. Different superscript letters indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level.

Article Snippet: The phosphorylation of p38 and degradation of p65 were evaluated by incubating membranes with MAPK Phospho-p38α (T180/Y182) antibody (p-p38α, Cat. #MAB8691, R&D Systems, MN, USA); NF-κB phospho-p65 (p-p65, Cat. #9242); and β-actin antibody (Cat. #4970) from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA) overnight at RT.

Techniques: Bacteria, Expressing, Western Blot, Phospho-proteomics, Software